Bell_et_all_2017
Bell, A., Jones, K. & Fairbrother, M. Understanding and misunderstanding group mean centering: a commentary on Kelley et al.’s dangerous practice. Qual Quant 52, 2031–2036 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0593-5
within and between group effects are distinct, and should not be treated as the sameuncentered models create a weighted average of the between and within effectsgroup-mean centering reveals the within effectgroup-mean centering is a means of isolating and differentiating distinct within and between relationshipsmultilevel models apply group-mean centering